CONTENT Chapter 1 Fundamentals Development and Properties of C++ Object-Oriented Programming Developing a C++ Program A Beginner’s C++ Program Structure of Simple C++ Programs Exercises Solutions Chapter 2 Fundamental Types, Constants, and Variables Fundamental Types Constants Escape Sequences Names Variables The Keywords const and volatile Exercises Solutions Chapter 3 Using Functions and Classes Declaring Functions Function Calls Type void for Functions Header Files Standard Header Files Using Standard Classes Exercises Solutions Chapter 4 Input and Output with Streams Streams Formatting and Manipulators Formatted Output of Integers Formatted Output of Floating-Point Numbers Output in Fields Output of Characters, Strings, and Boolean Values Formatted Input Formatted Input of Numbers Unformatted Input/Output Exercises Solutions Chapter 5 Operators for Fundamental Types Binary Arithmetic Operators Unary Arithmetic Operators Assignments Relational Operators Logical Operators Exercises Solutions Chapter 6 Control Flow The while Statement The for Statement The do-while Statement Selections with if-else Else-if Chains Conditional Expressions Selecting with switch Jumps with break, continue, and goto Exercises Solutions Chapter 7 Symbolic Constants and Macros Macros Macros with Parameters Working with the #define Directive Conditional Inclusion Standard Macros for Character Manipulation Redirecting Standard Input and Output Exercises Solutions Chapter 8 Converting Arithmetic Types Implicit Type Conversions Performing Usual Arithmetic Type Conversions Implicit Type Conversions in Assignments More Type Conversions Exercises Solutions Chapter 9 The Standard Class string Defining and Assigning Strings Concatenating Strings Comparing Strings Inserting and Erasing in Strings Searching and Replacing in Strings Accessing Characters in Strings Exercises Solutions Chapter 10 Functions Significance of Functions in C++ Defining Functions Return Value of Functions Passing Arguments Inline Functions Default Arguments Overloading Functions Recursive Functions Exercises Solutions Chapter 11 Storage Classes and Namespaces Storage Classes of Objects The Storage Class extern The Storage Class static The Specifiers auto and register The Storage Classes of Functions Namespaces The Keyword using Exercises Solutions Chapter 12 References and Pointers Defining References References as Parameters References as Return Value Expressions with Reference Type Defining Pointers 230The Indirection Operator Pointers as Parameters Exercises Solutions Chapter 13 Defining Classes The Class Concept Defining Classes Defining Methods Defining Objects Using Objects Pointers to Objects Structs Unions Exercise Solution Chapter 14 Methods Constructors Constructor Calls Destructors Inline Methods Access Methods const Objects and Methods Standard Methods this Pointer Passing Objects as Arguments Returning Objects Exercises Solutions Chapter 15 Member Objects and Static Members Member Objects Member Initializers Constant Member Objects Static Data Members Accessing Static Data Members Enumeration Exercises Solutions Chapter 16 Arrays Defining Arrays Initializing Arrays Arrays Class Arrays Multidimensional Arrays Member Arrays Exercises Solutions Chapter 17 Arrays and Pointers Arrays and Pointers (1) Arrays and Pointers (2) Pointer Arithmetic Arrays as Arguments Pointer Versions of Functions Read-Only Pointers Returning Pointers Arrays of Pointers Command Line Arguments Exercises Solutions Chapter 18 Fundamentals of File Input and Output Files File Streams Creating File Streams Open Modes Closing Files Reading and Writing Blocks Object Persistence Exercises Solutions Chapter 19 Overloading Operators Generals Operator Functions (1) Operator Functions (2) Using Overloaded Operators Global Operator Functions Friend Functions Friend Classes Overloading Subscript Operators Overloading Shift-Operators for I/O Exercises Solutions Chapter 20 Type Conversion for Classes Conversion Constructors Conversion Functions Ambiguities of Type Conversions Exercise Solution Chapter 21 Dynamic Memory Allocation The Operator new The Operator delete Dynamic Storage Allocation for Classes Dynamic Storage Allocation for Arrays Application: Linked Lists Representing a Linked List Exercises Solutions Chapter 22 Dynamic Members Members of Varying Length Classes with a Dynamic Member Creating and Destroying Objects Implementing Methods Copy Constructor Assignment Exercises Solutions Chapter 23 Inheritance Concept of Inheritance Derived Classes Members of Derived Classes Member Access Redefining Members Constructing and Destroying Derived Classes Objects of Derived Classes Protected Members Exercises Solutions Chapter 24 Type Conversion in Class Hierarchies Converting to Base Classes Type Conversions and Assignments Converting References and Pointers Explicit Type Conversions Exercises Solutions Chapter 25 Polymorphism Concept of Polymorphism Virtual Methods destroying Dynamically Allocated Objects Virtual Method Table Dynamic Casts Exercises Solutions Chapter 26 Abstract Classes Pure Virtual Methods Abstract and Concrete Classes Pointers and References to Abstract Classes Virtual Assignment Application: Inhomogeneous Lists Implementing an Inhomogeneous List Exercises Solutions Chapter 27 Multiple Inheritance Multiply-Derived Classes 588 Multiple Indirect Base Classes 590 Virtual Base Classes 592 Constructor Calls 594Initializing Virtual Base Classes 596 Exercises 598Solutions 602 Chapter 28 Exception Handling Traditional Error Handlin Exception Handling Exception Handlers Throwing and Catching Exceptions Nesting Exception Handling Defining Your Own Error Classes Standard Exception Classes Exercises Solutions Chapter 29 More About Files Opening a File for Random Access Positioning for Random Access File State Exception Handling for Files Persistence of Polymorphic Objects Application: Index Files Implementing an Index File Exercises Solutions Chapter 30 More About Pointers Pointer to Pointers Variable Number of Arguments Pointers to Functions Complex Declarations Defining Typenames Application: Dynamic Matrices Exercises Solutions Chapter 31 Manipulating Bits Bitwise Operators Bitwise Shift Operators Bit Masks Using Bit Masks Bit-Fields Exercises Solutions Chapter 32 Templates Function and Class Templates Defining Templates Template Instantiation Template Parameters Template Arguments Specialization Default Arguments of Templates Explicit Instantiation Exercises Solutions Chapter 33 Containers Container Types Sequences Iterators Declaring Sequences Inserting in Sequences Accessing Objects Length and Capacity Deleting in Sequences List Operations Associative Containers Sets and Multisets Maps and Multimaps Bitsets Exercise Solution Appendix Binary Numbers Preprocessor Directives Pre-Defined Standard Macros Binding C Functions Operators Overview Operator Precedence Table ASCII Code Table Screen Control Sequences Literature INDEX
CONTENT
Chapter 1 Fundamentals
Development and Properties of C++
Object-Oriented Programming
Developing a C++ Program
A Beginner’s C++ Program
Structure of Simple C++ Programs
Exercises
Solutions
Chapter 2 Fundamental Types, Constants, and Variables
Fundamental Types
Constants
Escape Sequences
Names
Variables
The Keywords const and volatile
Chapter 3 Using Functions and Classes
Declaring Functions
Function Calls
Type void for Functions
Header Files
Standard Header Files
Using Standard Classes
Chapter 4 Input and Output with Streams
Streams
Formatting and Manipulators
Formatted Output of Integers
Formatted Output of Floating-Point Numbers
Output in Fields
Output of Characters, Strings, and Boolean Values
Formatted Input
Formatted Input of Numbers
Unformatted Input/Output
Chapter 5 Operators for Fundamental Types
Binary Arithmetic Operators
Unary Arithmetic Operators
Assignments
Relational Operators
Logical Operators
Chapter 6 Control Flow
The while Statement
The for Statement
The do-while Statement
Selections with if-else
Else-if Chains
Conditional Expressions
Selecting with switch
Jumps with break, continue, and goto
Chapter 7 Symbolic Constants and Macros
Macros
Macros with Parameters
Working with the #define Directive
Conditional Inclusion
Standard Macros for Character Manipulation
Redirecting Standard Input and Output
Chapter 8 Converting Arithmetic Types
Implicit Type Conversions
Performing Usual Arithmetic Type Conversions
Implicit Type Conversions in Assignments
More Type Conversions
Chapter 9 The Standard Class string
Defining and Assigning Strings
Concatenating Strings
Comparing Strings
Inserting and Erasing in Strings
Searching and Replacing in Strings
Accessing Characters in Strings
Chapter 10 Functions
Significance of Functions in C++
Defining Functions
Return Value of Functions
Passing Arguments
Inline Functions
Default Arguments
Overloading Functions
Recursive Functions
Chapter 11 Storage Classes and Namespaces
Storage Classes of Objects
The Storage Class extern
The Storage Class static
The Specifiers auto and register
The Storage Classes of Functions
Namespaces
The Keyword using
Chapter 12 References and Pointers
Defining References
References as Parameters
References as Return Value
Expressions with Reference Type
Defining Pointers 230The Indirection Operator
Pointers as Parameters
Chapter 13 Defining Classes
The Class Concept
Defining Classes
Defining Methods
Defining Objects
Using Objects
Pointers to Objects
Structs
Unions
Exercise
Solution
Chapter 14 Methods
Constructors
Constructor Calls
Destructors
Inline Methods
Access Methods
const Objects and Methods
Standard Methods
this Pointer
Passing Objects as Arguments
Returning Objects
Chapter 15 Member Objects and Static Members
Member Objects
Member Initializers
Constant Member Objects
Static Data Members
Accessing Static Data Members
Enumeration
Chapter 16 Arrays
Defining Arrays
Initializing Arrays
Arrays
Class Arrays
Multidimensional Arrays
Member Arrays
Chapter 17 Arrays and Pointers
Arrays and Pointers (1)
Arrays and Pointers (2)
Pointer Arithmetic
Arrays as Arguments
Pointer Versions of Functions
Read-Only Pointers
Returning Pointers
Arrays of Pointers
Command Line Arguments
Chapter 18 Fundamentals of File Input and Output
Files
File Streams
Creating File Streams
Open Modes
Closing Files
Reading and Writing Blocks
Object Persistence
Chapter 19 Overloading Operators
Generals
Operator Functions (1)
Operator Functions (2)
Using Overloaded Operators
Global Operator Functions
Friend Functions
Friend Classes
Overloading Subscript Operators
Overloading Shift-Operators for I/O
Chapter 20 Type Conversion for Classes
Conversion Constructors
Conversion Functions
Ambiguities of Type Conversions
Chapter 21 Dynamic Memory Allocation
The Operator new
The Operator delete
Dynamic Storage Allocation for Classes
Dynamic Storage Allocation for Arrays
Application: Linked Lists
Representing a Linked List
Chapter 22 Dynamic Members
Members of Varying Length
Classes with a Dynamic Member
Creating and Destroying Objects
Implementing Methods
Copy Constructor
Assignment
Chapter 23 Inheritance
Concept of Inheritance
Derived Classes
Members of Derived Classes
Member Access
Redefining Members
Constructing and Destroying Derived Classes
Objects of Derived Classes
Protected Members
Chapter 24 Type Conversion in Class Hierarchies
Converting to Base Classes
Type Conversions and Assignments
Converting References and Pointers
Explicit Type Conversions
Chapter 25 Polymorphism
Concept of Polymorphism
Virtual Methods
destroying Dynamically Allocated Objects
Virtual Method Table
Dynamic Casts
Chapter 26 Abstract Classes
Pure Virtual Methods
Abstract and Concrete Classes
Pointers and References to Abstract Classes
Virtual Assignment
Application: Inhomogeneous Lists
Implementing an Inhomogeneous List
Chapter 27 Multiple Inheritance
Multiply-Derived Classes 588 Multiple Indirect Base Classes 590 Virtual Base Classes 592 Constructor Calls 594Initializing Virtual Base Classes 596 Exercises 598Solutions 602
Chapter 28 Exception Handling
Traditional Error Handlin
Exception Handling
Exception Handlers
Throwing and Catching Exceptions
Nesting Exception Handling
Defining Your Own Error Classes
Standard Exception Classes
Chapter 29 More About Files
Opening a File for Random Access
Positioning for Random Access
File State
Exception Handling for Files
Persistence of Polymorphic Objects
Application: Index Files
Implementing an Index File
Chapter 30 More About Pointers
Pointer to Pointers
Variable Number of Arguments
Pointers to Functions
Complex Declarations
Defining Typenames
Application: Dynamic Matrices
Chapter 31 Manipulating Bits
Bitwise Operators
Bitwise Shift Operators
Bit Masks
Using Bit Masks
Bit-Fields
Chapter 32 Templates
Function and Class Templates
Defining
Templates
Template Instantiation
Template Parameters
Template Arguments
Specialization
Default Arguments of Templates
Explicit Instantiation
Chapter 33 Containers
Container Types
Sequences
Iterators
Declaring Sequences
Inserting in Sequences
Accessing Objects
Length and Capacity
Deleting in Sequences
List Operations
Associative Containers
Sets and Multisets
Maps and Multimaps
Bitsets
Appendix
Binary Numbers
Preprocessor Directives
Pre-Defined Standard Macros
Binding C Functions
Operators Overview
Operator Precedence Table
ASCII Code Table
Screen Control Sequences
Literature
INDEX
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