TRANSPORTATION Contents Tables Figures Part 1 foundations Chapter-1 an Introduction to transportation geography The network approach, External influences on the field Other research paradigms Overview Chapter -2 A history of transportation Early road transportation Water transport Railroads: the 19th century Automobiles and highways of the 20th century Problems with the automobile Public transit Motor carriers Air transport Railroads :the 20th century The other modes Summary Chapter-3 current transport systems and trends The united states Europe Conclusions Generalizations Further study Part II Network analysis Chapter-4 Basic elements of transport networks: nodes and links Defining the nodes Defining the links Attributes of nodes and links Summary Generalizations Further study Chapter -5 measurement of transportation networks Some definitions Matrix representation of graphs and networks Network structure Network costs and distance Network accessibility and circuity Flows in networks Summary Generalizations Further study Chapter-6 The location of transportation routes and links Networks Optimal networks The location of routes Transport nodes Research needs Summary Generalizations Further study Part III Flow analysis Chapter 7 trade and commodity flows Ullman’s bases Applicability of the bases for interaction Trade theory Spatial price equilibrium Trade models Flow stability New trade theory Summary Generalizations Further study Chapter-8 Methods of flow analysis Random flow model A brief digression Transaction flow analysis Optimal flow systems Structure of flows: flow matrix factor analysis Dyadic factor analysis Network autocorrelation Spatial-temporal autocorrelation Summary Generalizations Further study Chapter-9 the prediction problem of flow generation Traffic production Traffic attraction Commodity flow generation Summary Generalizations Further study Chapter-10 spatial interaction and the gravity model An aspatial interaction model The form of the classical model A computer intensive approach Transportation variant of the model Computer –intensive production-constrained model Wilson’s approach Further notes on flow modeling How accurate Other flow models Summary Generalizations Further study Appendix students attending Indiana University Appendix computer code for the potent Gravity potential model Appendix computer code for the FULLGRAV Gravity model Chapter-11 Spatial choices: destinations, modes and routes Destination choice Modal choice An introduction to modeling modal choice Logit models Route choice Summary Generalizations Further study Part IV Policy ,plans and impacts CHAPTER-12 Transport policy Origins of transport policy Geographical significance of transport policy Rail policy in the Midwest and the northeast National transport policy Supersonic transport policy :the concorde case Transport subsidy policy Transport-related policies with negative impacts International agreements with transport policy Implications Concluding thoughts on transport policy Summary Generalizations Further study Chapter-13 transport planning : rationale and process Development of transportation planning in the united States Development of transport planning in the united Kingdom The transportation planning process Critique of the transport planning process Geographical nature of the transport planning Process Summary Generalizations Further study Chpater-14 transport impact analysis Impacts of the environment on transport Indirect impacts of transport investments The design of impact studies Summary Generalizations Further study Chapter-15 transportation’s impact on the environment Impacts on humans Impacts on vegetation impacts on animal life Impacts on soils and geomorphology Impacts on water Impacts on climate and the atmosphere Conclusion Summary Generalizations Further study Chapter-16 transportation the economy, and Economic development Transport’s share of gross domestic product Transport in the household budget Transportation, growth, and development Evaluating transport projects Summary Generalizations Further study Part V geographic information systems in transport (GIS-T) Chapter-17 GIS.T: an introduction The nature of GIS-T Network databases Typical problems Remote sensing and GIS-T Summary Generalizations Further study Part VI current issues and problems Chapter18 societal trends and their impact on transport Continuing decentralization of cities and urban Sprawl An aping population The single-parent household Women joining the labor force Welfare reform in the united states, Canada, and the privatization of transport Deregulation of transport sectors Globalization The rural transportation problem Summary Further study Chapter-19 congestion Measuring congestion Congestion tools High occupancy vehicle lanes Another approach The future of congestion Summary Generalizations Further study Chapter-20 sustainable transport and potential mobility What is known Indicators of sustainable transport Proposed indicators for data-rich areas Potential mobility Creating the index Use of the index to evaluate technologies and policies In the developed world Use of the index in the developing world Summary Generalizations Further study Appendix basic computer program to calculate Stpm Appendix STPM values and input data for selected areas Part VII THE FUTURE CHAPTER-21 Transportation and transportation geography OECD’s realistic vision of the transport world In 2030,335 My own view of the transport world in 2030,336 The rest of the world,338 OECD’S optimistic vision for the transport world In 2030,338 Transportation geography: the future References Index About the author
TRANSPORTATION
Contents
Tables
Figures
Part 1 foundations
Chapter-1 an Introduction to transportation geography
The network approach,
External influences on the field
Other research paradigms
Overview
Chapter -2 A history of transportation
Early road transportation
Water transport
Railroads: the 19th century
Automobiles and highways of the 20th century
Problems with the automobile
Public transit
Motor carriers
Air transport
Railroads :the 20th century
The other modes
Summary
Chapter-3 current transport systems and trends
The united states
Europe
Conclusions
Generalizations
Further study
Part II Network analysis
Chapter-4 Basic elements of transport networks: nodes and links
Defining the nodes
Defining the links
Attributes of nodes and links
Chapter -5 measurement of transportation networks
Some definitions
Matrix representation of graphs and networks
Network structure
Network costs and distance
Network accessibility and circuity
Flows in networks
Chapter-6 The location of transportation routes and links
Networks
Optimal networks
The location of routes
Transport nodes
Research needs
Part III
Flow analysis
Chapter 7 trade and commodity flows
Ullman’s bases
Applicability of the bases for interaction
Trade theory
Spatial price equilibrium
Trade models
Flow stability
New trade theory
Chapter-8 Methods of flow analysis
Random flow model
A brief digression
Transaction flow analysis
Optimal flow systems
Structure of flows: flow matrix factor analysis
Dyadic factor analysis
Network autocorrelation
Spatial-temporal autocorrelation
Chapter-9 the prediction problem of flow generation
Traffic production
Traffic attraction
Commodity flow generation
Chapter-10 spatial interaction and the gravity model
An aspatial interaction model
The form of the classical model
A computer intensive approach
Transportation variant of the model
Computer –intensive production-constrained model
Wilson’s approach
Further notes on flow modeling
How accurate
Other flow models
Appendix students attending Indiana University
Appendix computer code for the potent
Gravity potential model
Appendix computer code for the FULLGRAV
Gravity model
Chapter-11 Spatial choices: destinations, modes and routes
Destination choice
Modal choice
An introduction to modeling modal choice
Logit models
Route choice
Part IV
Policy ,plans and impacts
CHAPTER-12 Transport policy
Origins of transport policy
Geographical significance of transport policy
Rail policy in the Midwest and the northeast
National transport policy
Supersonic transport policy :the concorde case
Transport subsidy policy
Transport-related policies with negative impacts
International agreements with transport policy
Implications
Concluding thoughts on transport policy
Chapter-13 transport planning : rationale and process
Development of transportation planning in the united
States
Development of transport planning in the united
Kingdom
The transportation planning process
Critique of the transport planning process
Geographical nature of the transport planning
Process
Chpater-14 transport impact analysis
Impacts of the environment on transport
Indirect impacts of transport investments
The design of impact studies
Chapter-15 transportation’s impact on the environment
Impacts on humans
Impacts on vegetation impacts on animal life
Impacts on soils and geomorphology
Impacts on water
Impacts on climate and the atmosphere
Conclusion
Chapter-16 transportation the economy, and
Economic development
Transport’s share of gross domestic product
Transport in the household budget
Transportation, growth, and development
Evaluating transport projects
Part V geographic information systems in transport (GIS-T)
Chapter-17 GIS.T: an introduction
The nature of GIS-T
Network databases
Typical problems
Remote sensing and GIS-T
Part VI current issues and problems
Chapter18 societal trends and their impact on transport
Continuing decentralization of cities and urban
Sprawl
An aping population
The single-parent household
Women joining the labor force
Welfare reform in the united states, Canada, and the privatization of transport
Deregulation of transport sectors
Globalization
The rural transportation problem
Chapter-19 congestion
Measuring congestion
Congestion tools
High occupancy vehicle lanes
Another approach
The future of congestion
Chapter-20 sustainable transport and potential mobility
What is known
Indicators of sustainable transport
Proposed indicators for data-rich areas
Potential mobility
Creating the index
Use of the index to evaluate technologies and policies
In the developed world
Use of the index in the developing world
Appendix basic computer program to calculate
Stpm
Appendix STPM values and input data for selected areas
Part VII
THE FUTURE
CHAPTER-21 Transportation and transportation geography
OECD’s realistic vision of the transport world
In 2030,335
My own view of the transport world in 2030,336
The rest of the world,338
OECD’S optimistic vision for the transport world
In 2030,338
Transportation geography: the future
References
Index
About the author
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